Today the Supreme Court granted the petition for a writ of certiorari in AMP v. Myriad, then vacated and remanded to the Federal Circuit in light of the last week’s Mayo v. Prometheus decision. This isn’t too surprising, and is probably the best result to get an clear, early interpretation of Prometheus. The questions presented are:
1. Are human genes patentable?
2. Did the court of appeals err in adopting a new and inflexible rule, contrary to normal standing rules and this Court’s decision in MedImmune, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc., 549 U.S. 118 (2007), that petitioners who have been indisputably deterred by Myriad’s “active enforcement” of its patent rights nonetheless lack standing to challenge those patents absent evidence that they have been personally and directly threatened with an infringement action
For the first question, some have suggested that the CAFC will invalidate Myriad’s patent claims as “laws of nature,” based on the CAFC’s “formalistic distinctions between process and composition claims.” I would hope that the Court revisits the necessity, or at least its justification for rejection, of this distinction since it may dramatically change the rule. Prometheus dealt with the patentability of a process as a law of nature, whereas the issue in Myriad is whether DNA is patentable subject matter, presumably as a composition of matter. I think there is a clear difference between the patentability of a process and the product of the process. Maybe there are nuances that are beyond me, but I don’t think DNA embodies a law of nature in the same way that the process in Prometheus does. DNA is a complex chemical molecule to store genetic information. Yes, there are chemical bonds that embody laws of nature, but by itself, DNA is static. Transcription, translation, replication, etc. certainly involve DNA and are arguably laws of nature, but the molecules are only a tangible component used in the natural process. If this is the correct perspective, it will be interesting to see how the CAFC applies the Supreme Court’s “apply it” rule from a case about a method to Myriad’s claim for a composition of matter. Otherwise, many engineered products based on natural things may be unpatentable. Either way, there is a good chance the Supreme Court will hear this issue again soon.
As a somewhat related question, would an early 1900′s patent on a shaped airfoil for powered flight be invalid because of Bernoulli’s Equation in light of Prometheus?